The ratio of coolant can vary, depending on the application or situation, to as much as 70% coolant. Since water is a natural coolant, when mixed with 50% antifreeze, it improves the heat transfer above what it would be alone. Most consumers will not replace their coolant that often, so new, long-life formulations were introduced.
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The generally recommended replacement interval is once a year. IAT coolants contain either ethylene glycol or propylene glycol with silicate or phosphate additives to increase its compatibility with metal cooling system components. This traditional-style green coolant, which has been in use forever, provides corrosion protection as well as lubrication to the water pump. The most common variety of antifreeze is an Inorganic Additive Technology (IAT) formula. But, changes to the old one-size-fits-all formula has led to confusion for consumers and even some technicians. Each one is formulated to a specific manufacturer’s specifications to keep their engines at an optimal temperature. Water gives the antifreeze more surface area to transfer heat to the radiator.ĭifferent types of coolants cover a range of applications from diesel to domestic, Asian and European vehicles. Antifreeze freezing and boiling points depend on the concentration of the dissolved substance.
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An antifreeze/water mix is used to achieve freezing-point depression for cold environments and also produces boiling-point elevation for higher coolant temperatures. Cooling systems and chemistry have changed a great deal since then, and the need for coolant has also been on the rise in today’s modern engines.Īntifreeze lowers the freezing point of a water-based liquid and increases its boiling point.